The cloud server provider gets all the dataВ (e.g.However, this approach has several security implications: Additionally, no firewall rules, port forwarding rules, or DDNSВ setup are required on the router, which makes this option convenient also for non-tech-savvy users. the same Wi-Fi network) in order to connect to the device. Users can connect to their devices using variousВ XMEye apps (Android, iOS), a desktop application called вЂњVMSвЂќ, or an SDK for app developers.В All connections are established via a cloud server infrastructure provided by Xiongmai.ДЇrom a usability perspective, this makes it easier for users to interact with the device, since the user does not have to be in the same network (e.g. One part of it is aВ proprietary protocol that allows users to access their IP cameras orВ NVRs/DVRs via the Internet. Gwelltimes/FREDI, MiSafes),В has another attack vector, advertised as вЂњP2P cloudвЂќ, вЂњremote viewing capabilitiesвЂќ, or just вЂњwatch from anywhere in the world вЂ“ there is an app available for iOS/AndroidвЂќ.ДЄll Xiongmai devices come with a feature called вЂњXMEye P2P CloudвЂќ that is enabled by default. Unfortunately, Xiongmai,В like other video surveillance products (e.g. In the Mirai case, this worked well, fortunately only Xiongmai devices with exposed TCP ports 23 or 9527 could be infected, while all othersВ were safe. XMEyeВ P2P CloudД¬ommon guidance for IT systems usually is: вЂњDo not expose them to the webвЂќ. One of our motivations for doing this kind of research is to use the results to improve the automated analysis by IoT Inspector. The analysis works for all kinds of IoT devices including ones from Xiongmai. The automated firmware security analysis platform IoT InspectorВ reliably detects the kind of vulnerabilities Mirai and other IoT botnets are exploiting. Why is the SEC Consult Vulnerability Lab involved? IoT botnet actors are still looking for vulnerable Xiongmai devices, large numbers of these devices have been вЂњbrickedвЂќ by an вЂњanti-botnet botnetвЂќ dubbed Brickerbot. The people behind Mirai were caught and sentencedВ and Xiongmai eventually fixed the vulnerabilities in new products. вЂ“ basically for half of the internet? Or the attacks on the вЂњ Krebs on SecurityвЂќ Blog that caused Akamai to stop their Anti-DDoS protection service for the blog? Large parts of that DDoS firepower came from hacked Xiongmai devices. Remember the DDoS attacks against DynВ that caused outages forВ Netflix,В Twitter,В GitHub, Spotify, Airbnb, вЂ¦. Hundreds of thousands of Xiongmai-manufactured devices were infected and used as part of one of the largest distributed denial of service (DDoS)В attack to date. Starting in 2016, Mirai and variants ofВ Mirai exploited critical vulnerabilities in Xiongmai devices, namely the fact that the devices offered high-privileged shell access over TCP ports 23 (Telnet) and 9527 (a Telnet-like console interface) using hard-coded credentials.

If it were not for the Mirai IoT botnet, their business strategy of acting only as an original equipment manufacturer (OEM) would have kept them a unheard-of corporationВ located in East-China. Hangzhou Xiongmai Technology Co., Ltd.В is one of the largest manufacturers of video surveillance equipment (surveillance cameras, digital video recorders ( DVRs), and network video recorders ( NVRs)) in the world.

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